Page 9 - BRIP ePoster Book

DIET INFLUENCES RISK FACTORS FOR DIABETES-INDUCED CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION

Melisse Erasmus , Ebrahim Samodien , Carmen Pheiffer , and Rabia Johnson 1,2
1,2
1
1,2
1 Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council. Francie van Zijl drive, Parow Valley, Cape Town, South Africa.
2 Department of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg campus. Francie van Zijl drive, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa.
INTRODUCTION: RESULTS:

Unhealthy diet is associated with 1 in 5 deaths and is 600 BODY WEIGHT TOTAL CHOLESTEROL GENE EXPRESSION PROTEIN EXPRESSION
known to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease 5 * 1.5 LOXL2 15 COL1A1
(CVD). Conversely, polyphenols are known to reduce 500 ** * 4
cardiovascular risk. Fibrosis, defined as stiffening of the Body weight (g) 400 Total Cholesterol (mmol/L) 3 2 Fold Change 1.0 10
heart muscle, has been 300 1 0.5 Fold Change 5
positively correlated with 200 OB1 OB2 0 0.0
cardiovascular dysfunction. CTRL OB1+GRT OB2+GRT CTRL OB1 OB1+GRT OB2 OB2+GRT CTRL OB1 OB2 0 CTRL OB1 OB2
HYPOTHESIS: OGTT LDL OB1+GRT OB2+GRT OB1+GRT OB2+GRT
#
Diet composition increases 1000 * ** 2.5 *** 1.5 SMAD2 2.5 SMAD3
800
2.0
the expression of genes 600 1.5 1.0 2.0
associated with cardiac AUC 400 Serum LDL (mmol/L) 1.0 Fold Change Fold Change 1.5
1.0
fibrosis, and AfriplexGRT TM 200 0 0.5 0.5 0.5
as a therapeutic agent may CTRL OB1 OB1+GRT OB2 OB2+GRT 0.0 CTRL OB1 OB2 0.0 0.0
attenuate the expression of OB1+GRT OB2+GRT CTRL OB1 OB1+GRT OB2 OB2+GRT CTRL OB1 OB1+GRT OB2 OB2+GRT
these genes in a high- TRIGLYCERIDES SERUM AST/ALT
sucrose (OB1) or high 2.5 *** *** 5 *** 2.0 TGFB2 1.5 CTGF
fat/fructose (OB2) diet- 2.0 4 1.5 1.0
1.5
induced Wistar rat model. Triglycerides (mmol/L) 1.0 AST:ALT 3 2 Fold Change 1.0 Fold Change 0.5
METHODS: 0.5 1 0 0.5 0.0
0.0
0.0
RNA & CTRL OB1 OB1+GRT OB2 OB2+GRT CTRL OB1 OB1+GRT OB2 OB2+GRT CTRL OB1 OB1+GRT OB2 OB2+GRT CTRL OB1 OB1+GRT OB2 OB2+GRT
protein * p≤0,05, ** p≤0,01, *** p≤0,001 Acknowledgements: BRIP baseline; South African Rooibos Council; National Research Foundation for funding
expression CONCLUSION:

• Triglycerides, LDL and cholesterol are known risk predictors of CVD. OB2 diet increased this risk, that was marginally reduced by AfriplexGRT . A serum
TM
Serum AST/ALT ratio <1 is indicative of NAFLD, which directly correlates to CVD. OB2 diet decreased the ratio and thus increased the risk of CVD. However,
analysis AfriplexGRT TM was unable to reverse this.
• Compare to control, COL1A1, LOXL2 and TGF-β2 were moderately regulated but did not translate into its expressed protein that dictates cell function.
OB1 = high sucrose/medium fat (35% energy from fat) AfriplexGRT TM had no effect. This study showed that the OB2 diet increased non-modifiable risk factor of CVD, which is important for the implementation of
OB2 = high fat/fructose/cholesterol (67% energy from fat) mitigation strategies prior to overt symptoms.